Sistemas Electorales Y Partidos Políticos En Colombia (Electoral Systems and Politics Parties in Colombia)

Abstract

Spanish Abstract: Esta proliferacion partidista es completamente ajena a la tradicion politica del Pais y parece estar asociada a los cambios en el sistema electoral derivados de la Constitucion de 1991. Desde mediados del siglo XIX, epoca en la que se acostumbra situar el nacimiento de los partidos liberal y conservador, la vida politica colombiana estuvo dominada por un solido bipartidismo apenas perturbado por el republicanismo de Carlos E. Restrepo, el unirismo de Gaitan y el anapismo de Rojas Pinilla. La Constitucion del 91 introdujo cambios en el regimen politico y en el sistema electoral que, al parecer, modificaron la conducta de los agentes politicos y llevaron, consecuencia no buscada, a la fractura del bipartidismo y a la proliferacion partidista que alcanzo su maxima expresion en las elecciones legislativas de 2002.English Abstract: After the 1991 Constitution in Colombia, the country experienced a proliferation of political parties which was associated with the changes introduced by the new Constitution to de electoral system. Since the middle of XIX Century, time when is used to locate the creation of the two traditional parties, Liberals and Conservatives, the Colombian political life was characterized by a solid two-parties system lightly concerned by Carlos E. Restrepo’s Republicanism, Gaitan´s urinismo and Rojas Pinilla´s Anapismo. In consequence the changes introduced by 1991 Constitution modify political agents behavior, deriving on a non-foresee fracture of the traditional two-parties system and the political parties proliferations that reached its maximum on the legislative elections of 2002.