Rare Primary Sub-Mucosal Rectal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnosed with Endoscopic Ultrasound: Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Primary rectal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is a distinct and extremely rare form of colorectal malignancy and submucosal rectal SCC is rarer. The etiology and pathogenesis of rectal SCC is poorly understood. Given the rare occurrence of this type of malignancy, there are a number of diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. We are reporting a case of a 56-year-old female, who presented with abdominal pain and found to have rectal mass which was subsequently biopsied under endoscopic ultrasound guidance. Histopathology showed primary submucosal squamous cell carcinoma. She was treated with radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy. Now she is undergoing regular malignancy surveillance.