Colonial and Socio-economic History and HIV Prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multi-Level Model Analysis

Maxime Agbo, Agnès Zabsonré
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Abstract

The present study shows that in sub-Saharan Africa, besides some individual characteristics (including gender, age, education, marital status, place of residence and the wealth index), the colonial and socio-economic history of an individual’s living country significantly determines his/her current-day probability of being HIV positive. As a matter of fact, by using, essentially, the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data of 16 African countries, we noticed that the risk of infection is higher among people living in Southern or Eastern Africa and lower in Western African countries. Those relatively high risk countries are generally land-locked and got their independence very early. They had relatively high fertility and HIV prevalence rate in the 80’s and their legal system is derived from Common Law and Custom regulations. Compared to people in France former colonial countries, inhabitants of Belgium or both France and the United Kingdom former colonial countries have higher prevalence.
撒哈拉以南非洲的殖民和社会经济历史与艾滋病毒流行:一个多层次模型分析
本研究表明,在撒哈拉以南非洲,除了一些个人特征(包括性别、年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、居住地和财富指数)外,个人居住国家的殖民和社会经济历史在很大程度上决定了他/她当前感染艾滋病毒的概率。事实上,通过使用16个非洲国家的人口与健康调查(DHS)数据,我们注意到,生活在南部或东部非洲的人感染的风险更高,而西非国家的人感染的风险更低。这些风险相对较高的国家通常是内陆国家,很早就获得了独立。在80年代,他们的生育率和艾滋病毒感染率相对较高,他们的法律制度来源于普通法和习惯法。与法国前殖民国家的人相比,比利时或法国和英国前殖民国家的居民患病率更高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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