Novel Drug Treatments for Diabetes Complications

Fatmah A. Bakhdar
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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease associated with elevated levels of blood glucose. It has become the most prevalent disease in the Saudi population according to the last report from the national prevention program. Diabetes cases can be divided into three types: type I, which requires insulin therapy; type II, which requires the use of hypoglycemic drugs, with or without insulin, and is the most common type in Saudi Arabia; and gestational diabetes, which occurs during pregnancy. We must remember that diabetes can be very dangerous, causing complications in many parts of the body, like the nerves, heart, eyes, and kidneys. According to previous studies, these complications vary depending on the severity of diabetes. They may also affect the blood vessels of the retina, which can develop into diabetic retinopathy. Complications may also be fatal, in the cases of heart attacks, angina, and atherosclerosis. Additionally, they may cause poor circulation that leads to infection and gangrene, or cause neuropathy with numbness and a loss of pain sensations. Diabetic nephropathy is another harmful effect of diabetes that attacks the renal blood vessels. In this article, my aim was to review newly discovered drugs that target and decrease the complications produced by diabetes. My focus here was on certain drugs, including those using nanotechnology, cell-based therapy, angiopoietin like 4, baricitinib, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene therapy.
糖尿病并发症的新型药物治疗
糖尿病是一种与血糖升高有关的代谢性疾病。根据国家预防计划的最新报告,它已成为沙特人口中最普遍的疾病。糖尿病病例可分为三种类型:I型,需要胰岛素治疗;II型,需要使用降糖药,无论是否使用胰岛素,这是沙特阿拉伯最常见的类型;妊娠期糖尿病,发生在怀孕期间。我们必须记住,糖尿病是非常危险的,会在身体的许多部位引起并发症,比如神经、心脏、眼睛和肾脏。根据先前的研究,这些并发症因糖尿病的严重程度而异。它们也可能影响视网膜的血管,从而发展成糖尿病视网膜病变。在心脏病、心绞痛和动脉粥样硬化的情况下,并发症也可能是致命的。此外,它们可能导致血液循环不良,导致感染和坏疽,或导致麻木和痛觉丧失的神经病变。糖尿病肾病是糖尿病的另一种有害影响,它会攻击肾血管。在这篇文章中,我的目的是回顾新发现的针对和减少糖尿病并发症的药物。我在这里的重点是某些药物,包括使用纳米技术、细胞疗法、血管生成素(如4)、巴比替尼和肝细胞生长因子(HGF)基因疗法的药物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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