Psychological Assessment in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by impaired development that causes adjustment problems. The spectrum of developmental impairment varies and includes in- tellectual disabilities, communication and social interaction challenges, and attention and executive function deficits. The neurodevelopmental disorders include intellectual disabil- ity, communication disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity dis- order, neurodevelopmental motor disorders, and specific learning disorder. The differential diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders is important, comprehensive psychological assessmentsare required for individuals who may have a neurodevelopmental disorder. This paper focuses on intellectual, neuropsychological, adaptive behavior, and autism di- agnostic assessments and psychiatric comorbidities. These assessments accurately screen for neurodevelopmental disorders and aid in differential diagnosis. The goals of psycho- logical assessment include facilitating therapeutic planning, and suggesting prognosis. Further research is required to clarify each aspect of neurodevelopmental disorders and optimize psychological assessment tools accordingly.