ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN PEOPLE OF WORKING AGE

Abstract

Relevance. Cardiovascular diseases, according to the World Health Organization, are one of the leading causes of mortality among the population of developed countries of the world, including the Russian Federation. The development of cardiovascular diseases is closely related to behavioral risk factors such as smoking, unhealthy diet, insufficient physical activity and a number of other factors. The planning of preventive programs at the population level and the organization of effective preventive activities of the primary health care unit requires detailed and reliable information on the prevalence of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Currently, there is a need to raise awareness of patients about the risk factors for the development of diseases; to increase the patient's responsibility for maintaining his health; to form skills and abilities in patients to reduce the adverse effects of behavioral risk factors The purpose to analysis of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in people of working age in the practice of medical office operating of the arterial hypertension prevention. Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of the complex of automated integrated assessment of the state of the cardiovascular system with statistical processing of the data obtained. For qualitative indicators, the statistical criterion for the significance of differences is χ2 (chi-squared). Descriptive statistics are given in the form of N(n%), that is, the number of objects with this feature and the percentage of the total number of objects in the sample. Results. Results. In the office of prevention of arterial hypertension, the average polyclinic of the GBUZ "City Polyclinic No. 91" of the city of St. Petersburg, for 5 years (2014-2018), 983 appeals of the adult population were noted. In 807 cases, there are persons aged 18 to 65 years with risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Of these, men applied 382 times, and women 425 times, which was (47.4%) and (52.5%), respectively. According to the frequency of appeals, it was noted that people over 41 years of age were more likely to apply than younger people. Analysis of the dynamics of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases in people of working age revealed that hypercholysteremia, hereditary predisposition to hypertension, are most common. Conclusions. The appeal rate of persons over 41 years of age is higher than that of younger persons. The frequency of smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, overweight and obesity is increasing in 2/3 of patients. Among the studied patients of the prevention of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia was significantly more common in women, and at the age of 18 to 40 years. And, tobacosmoking, as a factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases, was significantly more common in men over the age of 50.