Formation of productivity of annual feed grass mixtures depending on technological measures of cultivation

Abstract

Purpose. To establish the influence of sowing norms and pre-sowing seed treatment on the formation of yield of grass mixtures of peas (spring) with oats in the western Forest-Steppe and to develop technological measures for growing annual legume-cereal agrophytocenoses. Methods. Field (phenological observations, accounting), laboratory (determination of green mass yield and dry matter), synthesis and analysis, mathematical and statistical. Results. Effectiveness of sowing of grass mixture, which includes spring peas of Tsvitan variety – 1.88 million seeds/ha (75% of the total sowing rate in single-species crops) and oats of Ant variety – 1.25 million seeds/ha (25% of the total sowing rate in single-species crops) for the formation of highly productive stands, which provides 26.5 t/ha of green mass and 5.7 t/ha of dry matter was proven. The high effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of legume component with Humifild, and cereals – with Polimiksobacterin, which provides a 3.30-4.10 t/ha green mass yield and 1.09-1.25 t/ha dry matter increase compared to the control (without processing). Conclusions. In conditions of natural humidification of the western Forest-Steppe, the most productive technological method of growing annual fodder mixtures is the option with pea seeds (1.88 million seeds/ha, or 75% of the total sowing rate in single-species crops) treatment with growth stimulator Humifild and oat seeds (1.25 million seedlings/ha, or 25% of the total sowing rate in single-species crops) – with microbiological preparation Polymyxobacterin where 32.1 t/ha of leaf and stem mass and 7.26 t/ha of dry matter were on average for the three years obtained.