{"title":"A Single-Photon Avalanche Diode Imager for Fluorescence Lifetime Applications","authors":"D. E. Schwartz, E. Charbon, Kenneth L. Shepard","doi":"10.1109/VLSIC.2007.4342691","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A 64-by-64-pixel CMOS single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) imager for time-resolved fluorescence detection features actively quenched and reset pixels, allowing gated detection to eliminate pile-up nonlinearities common to most time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) approaches. Timing information is collected using an on-chip time-to-digital converter (TDC) based on a counter and a supply-regulated delay-locked loop (DLL).","PeriodicalId":261092,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2007-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"13","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"2007 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIC.2007.4342691","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Abstract
A 64-by-64-pixel CMOS single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) imager for time-resolved fluorescence detection features actively quenched and reset pixels, allowing gated detection to eliminate pile-up nonlinearities common to most time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) approaches. Timing information is collected using an on-chip time-to-digital converter (TDC) based on a counter and a supply-regulated delay-locked loop (DLL).