Backpack using among Adolescent Students studying in Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

Article Type Original Article Authors Nazila Nejaddadgar1,2 PhD Post doc student Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian1* PhD Ahmad Reza Jamshidi3 MD How to cite this article Nejaddadgar N., Tavafian SS, Jamshidi AR. Backpack using among Adolescent Students studying in Ardabil, Iran. IJMPP. 2022; 7(1): 666-669. 1 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. 2 Health Deputy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil , Iran. 3. Rheomatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran * Correspondence Address: Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. P.O. BOX: 14115-111. Tel: +98 21 82884547 Fax: +98 21 82884555 Email: tavafian@modares.ac.ir Article History Received: Oct 25, 2021 Accepted: Jan 1, 2022 ePublished: Jan 20, 2022 Copyright© 2018, TMU Press. This open-access article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms Aim: Nowadays, schoolbags are considered to be resulted in musculoskeletal discomforts among students. This study set out to determine this health problem due to carrying school bag in students studying in high schools of Ardabil, Iran. Method and Materials: This study was carried out among adolescent students in Ardabil city, Iran, in 2019. To collect data a socio-demographic questionnaire was used to complete demographic variables. Furthermore, standard scales were applied to measure weight and height of the students as well as weight of their school backpack. All data entered into the SPSS statistical software and analysed through descriptive analysis tests to determine the status of backpack among secondary high school students in Ardabil, Iran. Findings: A total of 474 adolescent students with mean age of (13.51±1.13 years) were assessed in this study. According the findings, more than half of studied students used backpack while going to school. This study revealed the mean weight of studied students and their backpacks were 52.38 ± 12.34 kg and 3.57± 1.18kg respectively. Body Mass Index (BMI) was found to be 23.56. ± 6.84. The average weight of the backpack of first-year students was 3.45±1.25 kg, in second-year students, it was 3.55± 1.08 kg, and in third-year students, it was 3.69±1.21 kg. Conclusion: As most of adolescent students used backpack in the way to school , complying with standard rules of backpack use is strongly recommended. Introduction The back bag is one of the most common tools for carrying the daily supplies [1]. Todays, a majority of people use backpack for different purposes [2, 3]. Since backpackpa is one of the most important causes of musculoskeletal injuries among adolescents, it was paid attention by many researches [4,5]. It has been discussed that using heavy backpack can impact on body structure of adolescents and cause some biomechanical, physiological disorders [6]. In addition to daily textbooks, students may carry other tools and equipment by backpack [7], so the weight of tools, the manner, and the time span of carrying backpack are properties that can influence on the direction and curvature of spine, musculoskeletal disorders and pains in back and shoulder [8]. In the previous study the committed nations called on a declaration to identify and address these needs [9]. It has been argued that the students may not be educated regarding the physical and psychological effects of improper backpack carrying [10]. Previous studies showed that many students reported pain different parts of their bodies due to carrying backpacks and majority of them believed that carrying their backpack caused musculoskeletal pain[11]. Learning how to use a backpack is one of the most important approaches in controlling the pain caused by using it [12]. so promoting knowledge, attitude and behavior improvement during interventional-training process is strongly recommended[13]. To