Efisiensi Kinerja Combine Harvester pada Pemanenan Padi Varietas Unggul (Studi Kasus di Desa Polongaan Sulawesi Barat)

Abstract

Abstrak Waktu panen padi yang hampir bersamaan pada areal sawah yang luas dan ketersediaan tenaga kerja yang sedikit karenanya diperlukan alat bantu mekanis untuk menggantikannya, alat mekanis yang digunakan salah satunya mesin pemanen padi Combine Harvester. Mesin pemanen padi Combine Harvester tipe ridding merek Kubota DC 70 adalah mesin pertanian yang berfungsi untuk memanen padi melalui tahapan mengait, mengarahkan, memotong, merontokkan dan membersihkan gabah yang dilakukan secara terpadu dalam satu kali proses. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui efisiensi kinerja dan kebutuhan mesin Combine Harvester yang diperlukan pada pemanenan padi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahapan utama, yaitu persiapan mesin dan lahan, pengujian performansi mesin dan analisis data. Parameter yang diamati adalah lebar komplemen pemanen, kecepatan gerak maju Combine Harvester, luas lahan yang dipanen, waktu pemanenan, kapasitas kinerja teoritis, kapasitas kinerja aktual, efisiensi kinerja dan kebutuhan Combine Harvester. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan kerja Combine Harvester 1,35 m/detik. Kapasitas kinerja aktual sebesar 0,574 ha/jam atau 57,4 are/ jam. Kapasitas kinerja teoritis sebesar 0,921 ha/jam atau 92,1 are/jam. Efisiensi kinerja Combine Harvester 61,6%. Kebutuhan Combine Harvester sebanyak 2 unit untuk pemanenan padi di Desa polongaan. Abstract The rice harvest time is almost the same in a large rice field area and the availability of a small amount of labor is therefore required mechanical tools to replace it, one of the machine tools used is the Combine Harvester rice harvester machine. Rice harvester Combine Harvester ridding type Kubota DC 70 brand is an agricultural machine that functions to harvest rice through the stages of hooking, directing, cutting, threshing, and cleaning the grain which is carried out in an integrated manner in one process. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of performance and the needs of the Combine Harvester machine needed for harvesting rice. This research consists of three main stages, namely machine and land preparation, machine performance testing, and data analysis. The parameters observed were the width of the complement of the harvester, the speed of advance of the Combine Harvester, the area of land harvested, the time of harvesting, the theoretical performance capacity, the actual performance capacity, the performance efficiency, and the needs of the Combine Harvester. The results showed that the working speed of the Combine Harvester was 1.35 m/sec. The actual performance capacity is 0.574 ha/hour or 57.4 are/hour. The theoretical performance capacity is 0.921 ha/hour or 92.1 are/hour. Combine Harvester's performance efficiency at 61.6%. The need for a Combine Harvester is 2 units for harvesting rice in the village of pods.