Application of dental stem cell in dentistry: where are we now?

Abstract

Dental Stem Cells (DSC) appears to be closely linked to dentistry although the application of DSC has been widely acknowledged by other fields. DSC are undifferentiated cells obtained from the dental tissue. Specifically, these are undifferentiated cells with multipotential ability to differentiate into specific lineages. These stem cells are mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) which are harvested from specific dental tissues such as from the dental pulp of permanent teeth; DPSC (Dental Pulp Stem Cells), dental pulp of deciduous teeth; SHED (Stem Cell from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth) and from the periodontal ligament; PDLSC (Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells). Other dental stem cells could also be obtained from dental follicle of human third molar; DFSC (Dental Follicle Stem Cells) and from the apical papilla; SCAP (Stem Cells from Apical Papilla) (Abdullah et al., 2013; Botelho et al., 2017). Of these, DPSCs and SHEDs are dental stem cells which have been utilized in many of the tissue engineering and regeneration research.