The Role of Urinary Cadmium and Lead Level on Pregnant Women Renal Function

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are heavy metals which used in many industry and were confirmed as environmental toxin and mainly effects reproductive system and toxic to growing fetus. Determination of cadmium and lead level generally measure by spectrophotometric methods. But in this study, we used a method based on approach adjusting specific gravity. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of cadmium and lead exposure on pregnancy outcome by measuring their correlation on renal function. This study was performed between January to May 2013 and targeted 57 pregnant women as the control group (32 patients of normal pregnancy) and case group (25 patients of preeclampsia). For analyzing of the data, SPSS software version 17 was used and was examined by Mann- Whitney test and Spearman correlation test. We found that there are significant correlation between Cd an Pb exposure on urea level, urea-creatinine ratio, and GFR of the pregnancy patients (p < 0,05) but unlike to the creatinine serum. 