A QoS Evaluation of AODV Topology-Based Routing Protocol in VANETs

Abstract

Over recent years, a new technology named VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks) is highly recommended in a smart cities and especially in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). VANET technology relies on the nodes acting like cars without the necessity for any controller or central base station by creating a wireless link among them. It enables cars to send and receive information between themselves and their environment. There are many network simulators that can support VANET environments such as NS-2, NS-3, OMNeT++, OPNET, and Qualnet. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a common reactive routing protocol; named (AODV) Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing where two scenarios are considered. The first scenario is a comparison between Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication modes. The second one is made between two maps Basrah city and Manhattan grid in Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) mode; through the real-time interaction between OMNeT++ and SUMO. The implementation of AODV reveals a comparative results analysis using Quality of Service (QoS) parameters, such as packet delivery ratio, packet drop rate, and network throughput. The simulation results in a helpful guideline for researchers to improve and develop this protocol as compared to other existing works.