For an Effective and Sustainable Management of Non-Tydal Lagoon Environments to Counteract the Eutrophication Effects

Abstract

Coastal lagoon environmental picture with the tendency to accumulate organic detritus, structural eutrophication, risks of dystrophy, with loss of biodiversity and fish products, is briefly described. Mitigation solutions are analyzed, focusing on the removal of macroalgal masses, artificial water renewal, sediment oxidation and more, highlighting the limits and benefits of each solution. With regard to the sediment oxidation, on which more emphasis is placed here, a review of the results obtained on two Tyrrhenian lagoons is made, through field experiences conducted between 2005 and 2021. These results showed an overall mitigation of the eutrophication effects, with reduction of nutrient load and sediment labile organic matter, reduction of macroalgal development, phanerogam return and increase in zoobenthonic biodiversity. Some possible effects of sediment resuspension on contaminants are reported.