Magyarországi eredetű élelmiszerek részesedése a hazai kiskereskedelemben

Abstract

A kutatas celja az, hogy attekintest adjunk a magyarorszagi eredetű elelmiszertermekek piaci reszesedeseről a hazai kiskereskedelemben. A Magyarorszagon tevekenykedő legnagyobb – harom hazai es kilenc nemzetkozi tulajdonu – kiskereskedelmi lanc egy-egy veletlenszerűen kivalasztott kereskedelmi egysegeben 2010 oktobereben lefolytatott, egyszeri allapotfelvetelben 10 termekcsoport (huskeszitmeny, talcas baromfihus, talcas serteshus, tojas, joghurt-kefir-tejfol, sajt-sajtkeszitmeny-turo, tej, zoldseg-gyumolcs – szezonalis minta –, mez, lekvar) magyarorszagi beszallitoi reszaranyat mertuk fel. A termekcsoportok kivalasztasanal meghatarozo szempont volt, hogy az idetartozo elelmiszerek Magyarorszagon előallithatok legyenek. A felmeres eredmenye szerint minden vizsgalt termekcsoportban 50%-nal nagyobb hazai beszallitoi reszarany allapithato meg. Egyes termekcsoportoknal – peldaul a talcas husoknal, illetve tojasnal – ez az arany 90% feletti. Ugyanakkor a tejtermekek – a folyadektej kivetelevel –, valamint a gyumolcsdzsemeknel a hazai eredetű termekek aranya alig haladta meg az 50%-ot. Az osszes, altalunk vizsgalt arufelesegben 76,4% volt a magyarorszagi termekek aranya. A hazai tulajdonu lancoknal ez az arany magasabb, 82%-os, mig a nemzetkozi lancoknal 72,8%-os volt. ------------------------------------------------ The purpose of the study was to estimate the market share of the foodstuffs of Hungarian origin in the retail trade in Hungary. In randomly selected commercial units of the largest 12 retail chains operating in Hungary, out of which 3 were Hungarian-owned and 9 were multinational, a one-shot survey was conducted in October 2010 to assess the share of the Hungarian suppliers regarding 10 food categories (meat products, fresh poultry meat in tray packaging, fresh pork meat in tray packaging, eggs, yogurt–kefir–sour cream, cheese–processed cheese products–cottage-cheese, milk, fruits and vegetables (seasonal sample), honey and jam). A decisive criterion in selecting the food categories was that the foodstuffs could be produced in Hungary as well. The results of the survey show that the market share of the Hungarian suppliers was over 50 percent in every food category examined. In some food categories, e.g. fresh meat in tray packaging and eggs, this proportion was over 90 percent. However, the market share of Hungarian foodstuffs hardly exceeded the 50 percent in the case of milk products, except for milk itself, and in the case of jams. With regard to all food categories the portion of the Hungarian food products was 76.4 percent altogether. In the Hungarian-owned retail-chains this share was larger (82 percent), while the corresponding figure in the multinational stores was 72.8 percent on average.