Representation of motherhood in Kazakh culture: traditional practices of socialization of children

Abstract

The article examines the status and role of the mother in Kazakh culture and the influence of traditions on its functioning. Social sciences ascertain a wide variety of maternal practices and characteristics of the socialization of children in different cultures. In this article, we will consider the attitude of modern Kazakh womenmothers, representatives of the urban middle class to the observance of such traditional practices of socialization of children as «at koyu», «shildekhana», «besikke salu», «kyrkynan shykaru», «tusau kesu», « toy «,» tilashar «,» togym kaqar «. The main directions of the Kazakh folk system of upbringing are: respect for elders, reverence for ancestors, care for representatives of the older generation, manifestation of love and care in a reasonable combination with exactingness towards children (family traditions associated with various stages in a child's life). Many customs, traditions, rituals of the Kazakh people are the unwritten laws of upbringing, a kind of moral code of the family, they crystallized the centuries-old experience of raising children in a family. Customs and traditions, rituals, proverbs, sayings, fairy tales do not have an educational effect on their own, but on condition that the parents by personal example in the family observe and support the principles and ideas expressed in them. Cultural traditions, rituals, customs in the Kazakh family are reproduced from generation to generation and are the moral framework of socialization. The purpose of this article is to analyze the use of traditional practices of socialization of children by Kazakh women-mothers, representatives of the urban middle class. The scientific significance of the work lies in the problematization of the use of traditional practices, when the conditions of urban life often do not allow the use of these practices and this causes the assessment of these practices by women-mothers as important / not important, necessary / unnecessary. The value of this study lies in the analysis of the traditions and rituals of raising children that have been preserved and reproduced in urban Kazakh families. Some rituals have changed, lost their former meaning, but have still survived to this day. In our study, we wanted to reveal the issue of preserving traditions and customs in matters of raising a child and implementing motherhood in an urban Kazakh family. The study showed that there is a tendency to preserve the national identity and identity of the Kazakh people in urban families through the reproduction of the traditions and customs of the socialization of children.