The Effects of Silicon Content in Rice Husk Biochar of Southern Taiwan on the Germination of Corn Seeds ( Zea mays L.)

Abstract

To our knowledge, not many investigations about this topic were done in Southern Taiwan where the potential of rice residues from agriculture fields is abundant. Our purpose for those rice residues is to transform them into biochar. Our experiment was conducted in Southern Taiwan, where we studied the characteristics of biochar made from rice husks, applying different types of combustion and temperatures as well their effects on corn ( Zea mays L.) seed germination. The experimental trial was composed of seven (7) different treatments including the application of rice husk, rice husk biochar, chemical fertilizer, and soil. The biochar treatments used a mixture of 50% biochar and 50% soil to balance the quantities of rice husk biochar that could be incorporated into clayey soils. The effect of biochar application on corn growth was evaluated. Results showed that silicon content in rice husk biochar can inhibit seed germination linearly. Silicon in this study was found to be harmful significantly to corn seed germination when Si content in rice husk biochar was higher than 25 to 30 wt% indicating that increased levels of silicic acid and quantities of the amendment above 8-10 ton per hectare reduce the germination rate.