ANALYSIS OF THE SOURCES AND WORKS DEDICATED THE HISTORY OF THE DEFENSE STRUCTURES OF LVIV MIDTOWN

Abstract

The problem of studies of the fortification development of the Lviv midtown has a long history. As early, Bartlomej Zimorowicz was the first author who covers the history of Lviv at the 17th century. In his work "Leopolis Triplex" he pays a lot of attention to fortifications and presents materials and facts about their construction. Other researchers later relied on his work, in particular, Yaroslaw Widawski, Janusz Witwicki, Wladyslav Tomkewicz and others. Denys Zubrytskyi also made a great contribution to uncovering unknown pages of the construction of Lviv fortifications. He was engaged in organizing the Lviv archives, and discovered and published a lot of information about the dates and features of the construction and modernization of fortification objects. The most complete works devoted to the defensive fortifications of the Lviv midtown are the publications of W. Tomkewicz and Ja. Witwicki. These authors conducted research in the interwar period, but their materials were published in the 1970s. It should be pointed out the important publications of various authors in the magazine "Halytska brama", several issues of which were devoted to the history of the fortifications of Lviv. In a synthesized form, the question of the construction of Lviv's defense structures and their reconstruction in different historical periods is revealed in a new work on the history of Lviv's architecture, published under the general editorship of Yuriy Biryulyov. In a somewhat shorter version, the stages of development of Lviv fortifications are revealed in the "Atlas of historical cities. Lviv". In our work, we aim to analyze the sources and literature that highlight the history of architecture only so-called High defensive wall of Lviv midtown. This was the first brick line of fortifications in the center of the city. It began to be built in the first years of the 14th century, and it was used for defensive purposes until the end of the 18th century. Based on the results of the analysis, we have identified 4 main stages of the architectural transformation of this defensive structure.