Optimal distribution of electric vehicle types for minimizing total CO2 emissions

Abstract

With the rapid growth of electric vehicles, power systems would face serious difficulties to supply the excessive electricity demand in the near future. In this paper, a planning method is introduced to prevent the environmental and technical issues that the introduction of electric vehicles may cause for nonsmart electricity grids. The idea of this method is to employ the differences between EV types in order to achieve the minimum total emission which is the sum of vehicles emission and power system emission. The proposed method considers the importance of decreasing urban area emission and determines the optimal number of every EV type. The IEEE RTS 24 system, and real world vehicle specifications is used to demonstrate the capability of the proposed method. Results suggest that for low daily trip distances, the best option depends on the priority of urban area emission reduction. On the other hand, for higher distances, the plug-in types would lead to lower total emissions.