Optimal sizing of energy storage system

Abstract

Energy storage system (ESS) as a growing technology plays a substantial role in operation and planning of microgrids. It is a viable option in smoothing the power of renewable energy sources (RESs), peak load mitigation, voltage control, frequency regulation and reliability enhancement of microgrid. Sizing of energy storages in microgrids is still a challenge. A non-optimal small capacity of storage system cannot ensure the proper operation of a microgrid. On the other side, a non-optimal large capacity may increase the cost and power losses in the system. In this chapter, different types of energy storages with their characteristics such as capacity, cost and efficiency are introduced. The necessity of energy storages in microgrids is explained. Optimal sizing of an ESS in a microgrid is discussed. The objective function (OF), system constraints and operation conditions are addressed.