Комплекси глиняних виробів ХVІІІ століття з Черкас (за матеріалами розкопок 2020 року)

Abstract

Опубліковано матеріали гончарних комплексів ранньомодерного часу (XVIII століття),виявлені в середмісті Черкас 2020 року, що походять з двох археологічних об’єктів: гончарногогорна (вул. Остафія Дашковича, 7) та сміттєвої ями (узв. Старособорний, 32/1). Під час їхдослідження виявлено значну колекцію глиняного посуду та кахель. In Early Modern time Cherkasy was a small town. It was a center of Cherkasy starostvo of Kyivvoivodeship of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (Rzeczpospolita) by 1793. Finds dated to the 18thcentury are often found at the excavations here along with the materials belonging to the other periods.Such finds are mainly concentrated in the center of Cherkasy, at the territory of the Upper and Lower townaround the “Polish” castle (the modern Hill of Glory).This paper presents the ceramic complexes of Early Modern time (18th century), which wereinvestigated in Cherkasy in 2020. Materials are coming from the excavations in the city, which wereconducted by Cherkasy Archaeological Expedition of the Institute of Archaeology of the NAS of Ukraineheaded by Dmytro Kushtan. The large collections of materials are associated with pottery kiln, excavatedat Ostafyi Dashkovych street 7 and garbage pit from Starosoborny Descent 32/1.Ceramics is represented by wheel-made pottery and oven tiles. Kitchen pots, often decorated withpainted and incised ornamentations, dominate among pottery. The collection also includes lids, semi-bowlsand bowls. The other category of finds is represented by oven tiles. They are referred to the “box type”,having flat rectangular external surface and walls on the other side of it. The external surface is decoratedwith stamp ornamentation represented by geometric and plant compositions in Baroque style.Collections of ceramic finds from the 2020 excavations in Cherkasy are typical for pottery centersin the Middle Dnieper region of the Early Modern time. According to numerous analogies, they are datedby the early 18th century.