The Interface between Federalism and Development in Ethiopia

Abstract

Whether federalism and developmentalism—two important pillars of the Ethiopian governance system—align or collide with each other has been a subject for debate and there has been little research into the interface between the two. Using analysis of recent political developments, case studies, and indicators, and informed by the rich comparative literature on the political integration of diversity in divided societies, this chapter examines the interface between the two major commitments of the government. The findings from the case studies indicate that federalism and development, while both vital commitments of the government, have not necessarily always been in harmony with each other in the Ethiopian context. As a result despite significant gains in the socio-economic sector, tensions emerge as constituent units continue to demand more political autonomy to exercise self-rule.