"Bedding Management for Young Calves: Health, Welfare and Growth Perspectives"

Abstract

with stretched legs is best sign that indicates optimal calf welfare a calf position along with rapid eye movement (REM) straw-bedded boxes. seems that growth performance calves on wheat straw compared other typically improved in cold In a study [5], less days treated was reported for calves reared on wheat straw, further indicating that straw is a safe and natural bedding for young calves. Moreover, higher nesting score (score 3, the situation in which calf legs and hooves are not visible), a hallmark of bedding sufficiency, can be easily achieved by using deep straw bedding. Also, wheat straw beddings should be deep enough to prevent possible pelvic dislocation in newborn calves. Shortly after birth, calves are unable to stand sturdily and may slip on thin ABSTRACT This article aimed to review and highlight the importance of different bedding management on health, welfare, and growth of young dairy calves. Rearing healthy calves with maximal growth rate is a first goal of any dairy heifer rearing program. Nutrition alongside comfortable environment can optimize growth and health of dairy calves. Bedding for young calves seems to be an important environmental effector of calf wellbeing. Since calves are in direct contact with bedding materials; quality, quantity and type of bedding can greatly impact on their health and growth performance. Bedding management is also critical when disease outbreak and cold weather threaten dairy calves. Adjusting the bedding characteristics (type, quantity, and quality) in any situation contributes to keeping calves healthy. Wheat straw, sawdust, wood shavings, sand and rubber or plastic mats are the most common materials used for bedding worldwide. Understanding advantages and disadvantages of each bedding system can help manage calves less stressfully and thus more gainfully.