Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption

J. Bethencourt, A. Sahai, Brent Waters
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引用次数: 4268

Abstract

In several distributed systems a user should only be able to access data if a user posses a certain set of credentials or attributes. Currently, the only method for enforcing such policies is to employ a trusted server to store the data and mediate access control. However, if any server storing the data is compromised, then the confidentiality of the data will be compromised. In this paper we present a system for realizing complex access control on encrypted data that we call ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption. By using our techniques encrypted data can be kept confidential even if the storage server is untrusted; moreover, our methods are secure against collusion attacks. Previous attribute-based encryption systems used attributes to describe the encrypted data and built policies into user's keys; while in our system attributes are used to describe a user's credentials, and a party encrypting data determines a policy for who can decrypt. Thus, our methods are conceptually closer to traditional access control methods such as role-based access control (RBAC). In addition, we provide an implementation of our system and give performance measurements.
cipher - policy基于属性的加密
在一些分布式系统中,只有当用户拥有一组特定的凭据或属性时,用户才能访问数据。目前,执行此类策略的唯一方法是使用受信任的服务器来存储数据并调解访问控制。但是,如果存储数据的任何服务器受到损害,则数据的机密性将受到损害。本文提出了一种对加密数据实现复杂访问控制的系统,我们称之为基于密文策略属性的加密。通过使用我们的技术,即使存储服务器不受信任,加密数据也可以保密;此外,我们的方法对合谋攻击是安全的。以前基于属性的加密系统使用属性来描述加密数据,并在用户密钥中构建策略;而在我们的系统中,属性用于描述用户的凭据,加密数据的一方决定谁可以解密的策略。因此,我们的方法在概念上更接近传统的访问控制方法,如基于角色的访问控制(RBAC)。此外,我们提供了我们的系统的实现,并给出了性能测量。
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