Knowledge-based automated feature extraction to categorize secondary digitized radiographs

Abstract

An essential part of the IRMA-project (Image Retrieval in Medical Applications) is the categorization of digitized images into predefined classes using a combination of different independent features. To obtain an automated and content-based categorization, the following features are extracted from the image data: Fourier coefficients of normalized projections are computed to supply a scale- and translation-invariant description. Furthermore, histogram information and Co-occurrence matrices are calculated to supply information about the gray value distribution and textural information. But the key part of the feature extraction is the shape information of the objects represented by an Active Shape Model. The Active Shape Model supports various form variations given by a representative training set; we use one particular Active Shape Model for each image class. These different Active Shape Models are matched on preprocessed image data with a simulated annealing optimization. The different extracted features were chosen with regard to the different characteristics of the image content. They give a comprehensive description of image content using only few different features. Using this combination of different features for categorization results in a robust classification of image data, which is a basic step towards medical archives that allow retrieval results for queries of diagnostic relevance.