Salivary diagnostic biomarker for periodontal disease - A review

T. Prasanth, S. Manandhar, Satisha T S, P. Kumar
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Abstract

Periodontitis is chronic inflammation of the periodontium caused by persistent bacterial infection affecting the connective tissue attachment and supporting bone around the teeth. As the ability to reconstruct the periodontium is limited after alveolar bone loss, early diagnosis and intervention should be paramount goals of periodontal treatment preventing future disease’s progression. Saliva is a physiologic fluid that contains complex mixture of substances as well as inflammatory biomarkers associated with periodontitis. Conventional clinical criteria are often insufficient for determining sites of active disease, for monitoring the response to therapy, or for measuring the degree of susceptibility to future disease progression. Therefore, the use of saliva has provided a substantial addition to the diagnostic armamentarium as an investigative tool for disease processes. With the current technological advances, together with point-of-care detection systems, salivary analysis will be valued much more highly in the near future. Even though saliva is easy to manipulate with low-cost storage, careful attention must be directed to limit variation in specimen integrity. This review focuses on the biomarkers in saliva that appears to be promising in the future for periodontal diagnosis, as well as some contemporary diagnostic tests available.
牙周病唾液诊断生物标志物综述
牙周炎是牙周组织的慢性炎症,由持续的细菌感染引起,影响牙齿周围的结缔组织附着和支撑骨。由于牙槽骨丢失后重建牙周组织的能力有限,因此早期诊断和干预应是牙周治疗的首要目标,以防止未来疾病的发展。唾液是一种生理性液体,含有复杂的物质混合物以及与牙周炎相关的炎症生物标志物。传统的临床标准往往不足以确定活动性疾病的部位,监测对治疗的反应,或测量对未来疾病进展的易感性程度。因此,唾液的使用为诊断设备提供了大量补充,作为疾病过程的调查工具。随着目前技术的进步,加上即时检测系统,唾液分析将在不久的将来得到更大的重视。尽管唾液易于操作且储存成本低,但必须注意限制标本完整性的变化。本文综述了唾液中的生物标志物,这些生物标志物在未来的牙周诊断中似乎很有前途,以及一些当代可用的诊断测试。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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