Problem issues of objectives and motives in composition of crimes against the basis of national security of Ukraine

Abstract

Important criminal value, first of all, for the proper qualification of the crimes provided by Art. 109 - 114-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the justice of the punished person is punished by the purpose and motive of the crime, which are independent psychological features of the subjective party, which, in turn, is not limited to the subject's attitude to the socially dangerous act or omission committed by him and its consequences. The purpose of the article is to identify the main problems that arise in determining the purpose and motives of crimes against the basics of national security and to formulate proposals to improve the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The investigations of the indicated features of the subjective side of the warehouses of criminals provided for in Art. 109 - 114-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine demonstrated that the science of criminal law presents different approaches of the authors to understanding the purpose and motives of the basic and qualified compositions of crimes against the bases of national security of Ukraine. Articles of Section I of the Special Part of the Criminal Code are designed in such a way as to presuppose on the one hand a dual interpretation of some subjective features of the crime, on the other - the obligatory features of the subjective party specified in them are superfluous or those which are fixed in violation of the normative design rules technology. Yes, the following issues remain unresolved today: From the point of view of the legislative proposal, the position regarding the necessity to anticipate as a constructive feature of public calls and dissemination of materials with calls for action, provided for in Part 2 of Art. 109 and Part 1 of Art. 110 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, a special purpose, since the proposed approach will create difficulties in proving by the investigators and the court the guilt of the person in committing the relevant crime. Predicting the purpose of the crime as a mandatory feature in the note to Art. 110-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine does not fully correspond to the main purpose of the said constructive part of the criminal law norms and rules of the normative design technique, and also leads to narrowing the scope of the said article, difficulties in proving in criminal proceedings. the provisions of Part 1 of Art. 111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine give grounds for claiming that there is a so-called "double" purpose in it, which creates certain difficulties for qualification and prosecution of the perpetrator precisely for treason. Damage not only to the sovereignty, territorial integrity and inviolability, defense capacity, state, economic or information security of Ukraine, but also to other types of state security may be desirable for the subject. Features of the technical and legal design of the disposition of Art. 112 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is the basis of different approaches of the authors to understanding the obligatory features of the subjective side of the crime committed by it. Only motive, purpose and motive, purpose or motive that does not facilitate their correct interpretation by law enforcement officials and court practice are considered such.