ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING ORGANIZATION OF THE FORMATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE IN IVANO-FRANKIVSK IN THE PERIOD 1944-1989

Abstract

Starting from the XIII century. clear differences in the development of cities in the region are emerging, which are caused by different levels of socio-economic development, political situation (the region is part of different states), etc. In this connection, the settlements of the region are experiencing various morphological transformations. These changes often had a diverse character in individual regions. Examining the process of forming a new architectural image of the centers of Western Ukrainian cities during 1944–1989, attention is drawn to the fact that this twenty-year period is characterized by the predominance of technocratic principles and postulates, the artificial separation of architecture from its general cultural foundations. Focusing on quantitative and technological indicators levels the spatial essence of architecture and takes it out of the general cultural context. Adherence to the prescriptive direction of the preference of the "new" over the "old" also had negative consequences for the formation of the image of the centers of small historical towns. The second generation of general plans of these cities, worked out in the 1960s, provided primarily for the functional zoning of the territory. The image of the city of Ivano-Frankivsk was formed over a long time, through gradual additions and changes in the historical and spatial structure. This article examines the period from 1944-1989 in the architecture of the city of Ivano-Frankivsk. The basic stages of the development of Soviet architecture are revealed and an assessment of architectural and spatial changes and housing construction in the city is made. During this period, the development of the architectural and planning structure of the city meets the contemporary requirements of urban planning and focuses on new industrial enterprises and warehouses. Arrangement of residential areas and micro-districts with the creation of the necessary complex of institutions for cultural and household services of the population and green spaces. The development of the central part of the city consists in the fact that the historically formed street network was generally preserved, and the neighborhood development was supplemented with numerous houses - "seals" of medium storeys. Their architectural image is significantly enriched with elements of regional folk architecture, which is positively perceived by both the professional environment and city residents.