Retrospective analysis of sea ports development in the USSR (1946-1955). Part II

Abstract

The main sources of post-war restoration and growth of the USSR maritime transport fleet, including those due to captured ships and the supply of ships as reparations, have been studied. The composition of the fleet by types of vessels was analyzed, their average age and deadweight were calculated, a comparison was made with the similar average world indicators and indicators of the previous years, the relationship of these indicators with the technical characteristics of ports was revealed. It has been determined, in which way the natural conditions and lack of funding influenced the development of seaports and shipping companies. The composition of port equipment was analyzed by sources and periods of receipt, a comparison was made of the level of technical equipment of ports with previous periods and with the equipment of seaports of some European countries. The change in the financial result for the port facilities has been studied. Comparison of indicators of profitability and cost of fixed assets of enterprises of the Ministry of Maritime Transport with similar indicators of enterprises of the Ministries of Industry, Agriculture, Communications and River Transport was carried out. The share of investments in the fixed capital of maritime transport enterprises in the total volume of investments in the fixed capital of state and cooperative enterprises of the USSR was analyzed. The state system of management of seaports and its changes have been studied, the management of interaction with other modes of transport has been investigated. The features of the distribution of material, labor and financial resources in the Soviet economy, their influence on the development of seaports are analyzed. The volumes of budgetary financing of maritime transport enterprises were studied, a comparison was made with the budgetary financing of railway and river transport, the Northern Sea Route, government bodies and state security bodies.