TOPLUMSAL VE SİYASAL BİR İLİŞKİ TİPİ OLARAK KAYIRMACILIK VE BAZI YENİ KAVRAMSALLAŞTIRMALAR

Abstract

Clientelism as a system of social relations can be described with different concepts according to the themes from which the relationship originates. It is seen in the literature that there is a conceptually chaotic situation regarding these emerging concepts due to the diversity of both the sources and the foundations of these relationships. To clarify and frame this subject, efforts were first made to clarify the concepts related to the subject, followed by an attempt to conceptualize new types of clientelism in the field that are not included in the literature. In this context, such relations were examined in this study based on appointments to positions in public employment in 2019 such as district governor, judge/prosecutor, or inspector that allow for clientelist relations due to legal regulations such as security investigations and interviews. Field data and a literature review were used in the study based on a qualitative sociological research approach and some new conceptualizations were established in this context. These are structural favoritism, which indicates macro-level ethno-religious discrimination; exclusionary/extreme favoritism, which entails the removal of those who occupy existing positions in order to open new positions; and radical favoritism, a type that operates through laws.