The long term impact of Pm2.5 on mortality in Ho Chi Minh city, 2018

Abstract

Background: Air pollution is a risk factor for non-contagious diseaseswith an estimated 7 million deaths per year1. The average concentration of dust in 24 hours per year through 2013 to 2017 in Ho Chi Minh City exceeded the WHO standard's value limits. Methodology: The study aims to build the PM2.5 spatial concentration map and assess the long-term health impact of PM2.5 on all-cause mortality (heart, respiratory, lung cancer, respiratory cancer, etc.) in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam 2018. We conducted a health impact assessment (HIA) study with collecting various types of data, including national community mortality (named as A6 mortality); geographic data, population, and environmental monitoring using low-cost sensors AirBeam2. Result: 29.176 deaths from all causes were included in this study in which PM2.5 was considered to have a long-term impact on 1.770. We found an increase of 1μg/m3 in PM2.5 in yearly concentration was associated with an increase of 45 people of all-cause deaths. Conclusion: The study provided scientific evidence on the significant long-term health effects of PM2.5 on people living in Ho Chi Minh City. Precautions are necessary to protect people's health and minimize the burden of mortality caused by PM2.5. Key words: PM2.5, health impact assessment, air pollution, mortality