Evaluation of winter triticalal accessions for adaptive potential

Abstract

Aim. To determine the environmental plasticity and stability of collection winter triticale accessions for yield in the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. The environmental plasticity and stability of collection winter triticale accessions were determined for yield in the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. Having assessed the yields, we found that the average yield across the studied accessions for the given period amounted to 5.55 t/ha (V = 11%). The maximum average yield for the study period was recorded for Hermes (7.44 t/ha), Pavlodarskyi (6.75 t/ha), Soiuz (6.62 t/ha), Sviatozar (6.28 t/ha), Bohodarske (6.19 t/ha), Nina (6.16 t/ha), Markiian (6.08 t/ha), Nykanor, and AD 256 (6.03 t/ha). The most plastic cultivars that were capable of significantly increasing their yields under favorable conditions were identified: Sviatozar (bi = 2.67), Nykanor (bi = 2.59), Beta (bi = 2.41), Navarro (bi = 1.92), Myronivskyi (bi = 1.91), and Hermes (bi = 1.85). These accessions are noticeable for high yield capacity and are able to maximize their yields under favorable conditions. The breeding value of a genotype (SCV), which characterizes both yield and its stability, ranged 0.18 to 5.02. The following accessions stood out due to this indicator: Nina (5.02), Maiak (4.68), Tornado (4.42), Dinaro (3.95), Parus (3.80), and Titan (3.77). We selected accessions with good compensatory effects: Maiak (0.12), Tornado (0.24), Uragan (0.34), Nina (0.36), Tsekad 22 (0.44), Dinaro (0.56), Parus (0.74), Titan (0.75), and Desiatynne (0.79). In the other accessions, destabilizing effects predominated (Kgі = 1.05–9.80). Conclusions. The study showed that the general adaptability was higher in the most high-yileding accessions: Hermes (1.89), Pavlodarskyi (1.20), Soiuz (1.07), Sviatozar (0.73), and Nina (0.61). As to the specific adaptability, the following cultivars were distinguished: Maiak (0.05), Tornado (0.10), Uragan (0.14), Nina (0.15), and Tsekad 22 (0.18). These accessions are characterized by high and stable yields under different hydrothermal conditions.