Levels of Aviation Autonomy

E. Anderson, T. Fannin, Brently Nelson
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Most modern airplanes include automated systems to improve both the efficiency and safety of flight. By the standards of the automotive industry, these avionics systems are both highly complex and highly automated. Ongoing advancements in computing systems and machine learning lead the SAE to publish a Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles that has become the standard for classifying levels of driving automation. This standardization has provided the automotive industry and the regulatory agencies a useful framework for exploring and promoting the development of more advanced automated and autonomous systems. The aviation industry is also benefiting from advancements in technology, with growing interest in even more advanced flight systems and ultimately fully autonomous solutions. The higher demands of the piloting task relative to the driving task and the more complex nature of modern airplane systems lead the authors to re-evaluate and tailor the SAE classifications of autonomy specifically for pilots and avionics solutions. This paper summarizes a taxonomy of flight automation system levels that Rockwell Collins has derived from the SAE driving automation system levels. The intent is to provide a similar framework for the exploration and development of advanced automation and autonomous solutions for avionics. Similar to the SAE classifications, this paper clarifies the role of both the (human) pilot, and the automated systems during flight operations at each level of automation. The objective is to provide scope definition and a useful framework for the development of technical specifications and related policies, regulations and standards.
航空自主水平
大多数现代飞机都装有自动化系统,以提高飞行效率和安全性。按照汽车工业的标准,这些航空电子系统既高度复杂又高度自动化。计算系统和机器学习的不断进步促使SAE发布了《道路机动车辆驾驶自动化系统相关术语分类和定义》,该标准已成为驾驶自动化级别分类的标准。这一标准化为汽车行业和监管机构探索和促进更先进的自动化和自主系统的发展提供了一个有用的框架。航空业也受益于技术的进步,人们对更先进的飞行系统和最终的全自动解决方案越来越感兴趣。驾驶任务相对于驾驶任务的更高要求,以及现代飞机系统的更复杂性质,促使作者重新评估和定制SAE的自主分类,专门针对飞行员和航空电子解决方案。本文总结了罗克韦尔柯林斯公司从SAE驾驶自动化系统级别推导出的飞行自动化系统级别的分类。其目的是为航空电子设备的先进自动化和自主解决方案的探索和开发提供类似的框架。与SAE分类类似,本文阐明了(人类)飞行员和自动化系统在每个自动化级别的飞行操作中的作用。其目标是为制定技术规格和有关政策、条例和标准提供范围界定和有用的框架。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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