Behcet’s disease presenting with focal fibrosing mediastinitis and cava thrombosis; a case report with a review of the literature

Abstract

Introduction: Behcet's disease is a rare, multisystemic disease characterized by vasculitis and a triad of recurrent oral and genital mucosa ulcers with uveitis. Mediastinal fibrosis is extremely rare in Behcet's disease. The aim of this paper is to report a case of Behcet’s disease presenting as mediastinal fibrosis. Case presentation: A 26-year-old male presented with a history of headaches and neck engorgement for a week duration. On physical examination, there were tender aphthous ulcers in the mouth, and one ulcer was also observed in the genitalia. Ultrasound of the neck revealed engorged internal jugular veins with a thrombus in the left one. Computed tomography confirmed the ultrasound findings. The patient was diagnosed with a case of  Behcet’s disease. The patient was managed conservatively with Rivaroxaban, Prednisolone, and Ibuprofen. Conclusion: Behcet's disease can cause mediastinal fibrosis in rare cases. Computed tomography is an efficient method for detecting mediastinal fibrosis and superior vena cava thrombosis.