Impact of Achillea moschata Wulfen on germination and growth of weed species Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch and Lolium multiflorum Lam

S. Vitalini, S. Garzoli, Valentina Vaglia, M. Iriti
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Abstract

Weeding is a practice of primary importance both in conventional agriculture where the intensive use of herbicides can represent a significant environmental risk and in organic farming where this practice is prohibited. Therefore, the need to identify alternative means of controlling weeds is evident. In this respect, allelopathy proves to be a useful tool to be integrated with conventional agronomic techniques for the management of infesting flora. In this work, we investigated the phytotoxic potential of Achillea moschata Wulfen (Asteraceae) against Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch and Lolium multiflorum Lam., two noxious plants for crops such as rice and wheat. Preliminary anti-germination assays were carried out in controlled conditions by testing both the powder (0.25 g) and the aqueous extract (1%, 10% and 20%) from the A. moschata aerial parts. The obtained results showed that the powder was more effective than the extract in inhibiting seed germination (up to –81.6% vs –48.8% at 20% concentration) and seedling development (up to –99.4% vs –75.9% at 20% concentration) of both target species, although L. multiflorum was more susceptible than E. oryzoides to treatments. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the two used matrices was characterized by Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) sampling technique and Gas Chromatograph/Mass spectrometer (GC/MS) analyses. Camphor (25.8% and 49.9%) and 1,8 cineole (25.9% and 20.7%) were the main constituents in the samples, followed by bornyl acetate (6.7%) in the powder and fragranol (10.5%) in the aqueous extract.
毛茛伍芬对禾草类紫锥藻萌发和生长的影响何首乌
除草在常规农业和有机农业中都是一项至关重要的措施,前者大量使用除草剂可能会带来重大的环境风险,而后者则被禁止。因此,确定控制杂草的替代方法的必要性是显而易见的。在这方面,化感作用被证明是一种有用的工具,可以与传统的农艺技术相结合,用于虫害植物的管理。摘要本研究主要研究了菊科毛茛(Achillea moschata Wulfen)对紫锥藻(Echinochloa oryzoides)的植物毒性。何首乌。这是两种对水稻和小麦等作物有害的植物。在控制条件下,分别对红花地上部分粉末(0.25 g)和水提物(1%、10%和20%)进行初步抗萌发试验。结果表明,在抑制两种植物种子萌发(20%浓度下分别为-81.6%和-48.8%)和幼苗发育(20%浓度下分别为-99.4%和-75.9%)的效果均优于提取物,但何乐莲对处理的敏感性高于米拟莲。此外,采用固相微萃取(SPME)取样技术和气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)分析表征了两种基质的化学成分。主要成分为樟脑(25.8%和49.9%)和1,8桉叶脑(25.9%和20.7%),其次为粉末中乙酸龙脑酯(6.7%)和水提物中香樟醇(10.5%)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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