Tendencia en la vacunación en personas con infección por VIH participantes en la Encuesta Hospitalaria de pacientes con VIH, 2006-2021

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI:10.1016/j.eimc.2023.06.002

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To assess the trend in hepatitis A, hepatitis B, pneumococcal, tetanus and seasonal influenza vaccination in people with HIV infection and to analyse associated factors.

Methods

The hospital survey of patients with HIV, an annual cross-sectional study conducted on a fixed day (2006-2021), was used. Inpatients and outpatients were included. Trends in vaccination and associated factors were analysed using logistic regression.

Results

A total of 8643 participants were included. Vaccination rates increased to 65.3% for hepatitis A, 83.7% for hepatitis B, 49.3% for tetanus, 68.9% for pneumococcal and 74.5% for seasonal influenza in 2021. Factors positively associated with vaccination were older age for pneumococcal and influenza vaccination; higher educational level for hepatitis A and tetanus; living in a closed institutions or prison for tetanus, pneumococcal and influenza; and having acquired HIV through sex between men for hepatitis A, hepatitis B and pneumococcal. In addition, being on antiretroviral treatment and having a high CD4 count were positively associated with vaccination for all these diseases. Factors inversely associated with vaccination were being older (hepatitis A, hepatitis B and tetanus), being an immigrant (tetanus and seasonal influenza) and being an injection drug user/ex-user for hepatitis A and hepatitis B.

Conclusions

Vaccination in people with HIV has increased in the study period. The results are in line with the recommendations in this population, although there is still room to reach the established vaccination indicators.

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2006-2021 年参与艾滋病医院住院病人调查的艾滋病毒感染者接种疫苗的趋势

目的评估艾滋病病毒感染者接种甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、肺炎球菌、破伤风和季节性流感疫苗的趋势，并分析相关因素。方法采用医院对艾滋病病毒感染者的调查，这是一项在固定日期进行的年度横断面研究（2006-2021 年）。调查对象包括住院病人和门诊病人。结果共纳入 8643 名参与者。2021 年，甲肝疫苗接种率增至 65.3%，乙肝疫苗接种率增至 83.7%，破伤风疫苗接种率增至 49.3%，肺炎球菌疫苗接种率增至 68.9%，季节性流感疫苗接种率增至 74.5%。与接种疫苗呈正相关的因素有：接种肺炎球菌疫苗和流感疫苗的年龄较大；接种甲型肝炎疫苗和破伤风疫苗的受教育程度较高；接种破伤风疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗和流感疫苗的人居住在封闭的机构或监狱中；接种甲型肝炎疫苗、乙型肝炎疫苗和肺炎球菌疫苗的人通过男男性行为感染了艾滋病毒。此外，正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗和 CD4 细胞计数高也与所有这些疾病的疫苗接种呈正相关。与接种疫苗成反比的因素包括年龄较大（甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎和破伤风）、移民（破伤风和季节性流感）以及甲型肝炎和乙型肝炎注射毒品使用者/前使用者。研究结果符合针对该人群的建议，但仍有余地达到既定的疫苗接种指标。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

2.10

自引率

8.00%

发文量

194

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： Hoy está universalmente reconocida la renovada y creciente importancia de la patología infecciosa: aparición de nuevos agentes patógenos, de cepas resistentes, de procesos con expresión clínica hasta ahora desconocida, de cuadros de una gran complejidad. Paralelamente, la Microbiología y la Infectología Clínicas han experimentado un gran desarrollo como respuesta al reto planteado por la actual patología infecciosa. Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica es la Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Española SEIMC. Cumple con la garantía científica de esta Sociedad, la doble función de difundir trabajos de investigación, tanto clínicos como microbiológicos, referidos a la patología infecciosa, y contribuye a la formación continuada de los interesados en aquella patología mediante artículos orientados a ese fin y elaborados por autores de la mayor calificación invitados por la revista.