Fecundidade e comportamento reprodutivo em contextos de desastres: aspectos motivacionais ou mecanismos biológicos?

Abstract

The relationship between disasters and fertility has aroused the interest demographers and social scientists in general. However, the variation in the direction of the results for different contexts, scales (macro and micro) and levels (households, individuals, etc.) highlights the need to bring these experiences together to guide the conduct of future investigations. Throught a systematic literature review, the main objective of this paper is to highlight the advances in research on fertility and reproductive behavior in response to disasters. The literature has shown differences results and conflicting justifications for the association between fertility and reproductive behavior in response to disasters that, to some extent, occur due to the diversity of disciplinary approaches and the lack of qualitative studies or with mixed methodologies (quali-quanti). There are still gaps in the direction of relationships and the mechanisms that justify them, whether by deliberate family decisions, impacts on health services or physiological issues. Latin American Region may make fertile contributions for debate due to the various disasters such as droughts, dam disruptions and the Zika Virus epidemic in Brazil, as well as conflicts and unstable situations in Colombia, Argentina and Chile.