LANGUAGE PARADIGM IN THE NOVELS OF L. TOLSTOY 80-ies – 90-ies of the 19th CENTURY

Abstract

The article analyzes the forms and types of speech: "monologic", "dialogical". The specificity of the organization of "speech forms" is investigated. Attention is paid to architectonics and the proportional relationship of various "speech forms". The focus is on the stories of L. M. Tolstoy of the late period of his work. The main functions of direct speech in these works are revealed: the definition of character traits of the hero, his retinue, the era to which he belongs. We are also talking about the connection between the linguistic and plot levels of L. M. Tolstoy's stories, any of which is an artistic system and a separate artistic world. The linguistic organization of Tolstoy's stories is investigated, namely, the connections between individual parts of the text, paragraphs. Attention is drawn to the place of dialogical, as well as disordered language in the stories. The role of internal monologues has been studied (reflection of the process of reflection of heroes, the struggle of different motives of behavior, the doubling of consciousness, etc). The author of the article substantiates the conclusion that L. Tolstoy turned logical inner speech into a special, powerful means of analysis with immediate reliability: a person analyzes himself using dismembered formulations. The article also examines the relationship between the "speech" and "plot" structures of the work of L. Tolstoy.