Class schedules from international practices to the Bhutanese context: A review of literature

K. Dorji, Phuntsho Norbu, U. Lhendup, Bhoj Raj Rai
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Abstract

The class schedule is one of the most important determinants of students’ academic achievement. In the face of a rising tide of competency-based curricula, there are calls that urge schools to reschedule class structure from a traditional mode to systems that can lend larger blocks of time. As Bhutan recently implemented competency-based curricula, it appeared quite reasonable that there should be a system that allows larger blocks of time in each class. This narrative overview was, thus, carried out to examine the trends of class schedules world-wide and provide insights, if any, to contextualize into Bhutanese setting. The study searched literature from Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar supplemented by random search from search engines and citations of the articles retrieved. 81 articles met the criteria for review and analysis after screening out using a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The practices, including traditional schedule, 4×4 block schedule, A/B block schedule, hybrid block schedule, trimester plan, Copernican schedule, interdisciplinary block schedule, and one-subject-a-day schedule appeared in most of the articles reviewed. It emerged that 4×4 and A/B block schedules are far more popular than other class schedules practiced effectively with supporting empirical evidence. Findings from this review have implications to the way the class schedules are organized in Bhutanese educational settings. The implications that need urgent attention by relevant agencies are discussed.
从国际惯例到不丹语境的课程表:文献综述
课程表是决定学生学业成绩的最重要因素之一。面对以能力为基础的课程的兴起,有人呼吁学校重新安排课程结构,从传统模式转向可以提供更多时间的系统。由于不丹最近实施了以能力为基础的课程,因此似乎应该有一个系统,允许每节课有更长的时间。因此,进行这种叙述概述是为了审查世界范围内课程表的趋势,并提供见解,如果有的话,以便将其纳入不丹的环境。该研究检索了Scopus、ERIC和Google Scholar的文献,并辅以搜索引擎的随机搜索和检索到的文章的引文。在使用一套纳入和排除标准进行筛选后,81篇文章符合审查和分析标准。传统教学方法、4×4分块教学方法、A/B分块教学方法、混合分块教学方法、三个月教学方法、哥白尼式教学方法、跨学科分块教学方法、一天一门课程教学方法等实践在大部分文章中出现。结果表明,4×4和A/B块时间表比其他有效实践的课程时间表更受欢迎,并有实证支持。本综述的发现对不丹教育机构的课程表组织方式具有启示意义。讨论了需要引起有关机构紧急注意的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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