Global changes and hydrosphere

Abstract

Increasing population led to the increasing demand to food, raw materials, water and energy. Anthropogenic demands provoke land use structure changes, intensification of its exploitation, deforestation, fossil fuel combustion and related carbon dioxide production. Those phenomena are changing water and energy fluxes of biosphere, and conditions for life. Actual climate change is a result of other global changes both natural and anthropogenic. It is mostly felt as a change of ecosystem temperature, increase of precipitation intensities and totals, as well as their irregular distribution in time and space. Flood periods are followed by long periods without precipitations. Water consumption is increasing; it is renewable resource, but water resources are unevenly distributed and often polluted, therefore unsuitable for use as fresh water. Increasing population as well as increasing consumption of resources lead to the imbalance between our planet production and consumption. To preserve good conditions for population of the Earth, it is necessary to decrease consumption of energy, raw materials and food to reach equilibrium between Earth´s ecosystem production and consumption of the ecosystem products.