EFFECT OF TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS OVEREXPRESSING GLIAL NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR ON THE STATE OF MICROGLIA AND ASTROCYTES IN TRANSGENIC MICE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MODEL

Abstract

Introduction. Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive functions. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia and one of the main causes of disability in older people. Neuroinflammation is an important factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The neuroinflammatory reaction observed in Alzheimer's disease is primarily caused by resident immune cells of the central nervous system, including microglia and astrocytes. Aim. The aim of this work was to study the effect of transplantation of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMC) overexpressing glial neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the state of microglia and astrocytes in APP/PS1 transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease model. Material and methods. Xenotransplantation of gene-cell structures to experimental animals was carried out retroorbitally, once in the amount of 2 million cells. Immunofluorescence examination of cryostatic sections of the brain was carried out by applying antibodies to ionized calcium-binding adaptive molecule 1 (Iba1, marker of microglia and macrophages) and antibodies to glial fibrillar acid protein (GFAP, marker of astrocytes) and subsequent imaging on a confocal scanning microscope LSM 510-Meta (Carl Zeiss). Results and discussion. It was found that transplantation of UCBMC overexpressing GDNF reduced the severity of microgliosis in the parietal cortex and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and also reduced the severity of astrogliosis in the CA3 zone of the hippocampus of the brain of APP/PS1 mice. Transplantation of UCBMC overexpressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) only reduced the severity of microgliosis in the parietal cortex of APP/PS1 mice. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate a high therapeutic potential of transplantation of UCBMC overexpressing GDNF in Alzheimer's neuropathology.