TURKISH PUBLIC DIPLOMACY IN A DECADE: AN APPRAISAL AND PROSPECTS

B. Acma, Tekang P. Kwachuh
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Abstract

The birth of nation-states after the Westphalian Treaty of 1648 signaled the dominance of states in international relations. The end of WW1 and especially WW2 precipitated a paradigm shift in global affairs with the world driven by superpower rivalry between the U.S and USSR in what became known as the Cold War. The birth of the modern-day Republic of Turkey in 1923 as a remnant of the defunct Ottoman Empire has emerged as one of the most successful states whose geostrategic position is a huge advantage in her public diplomacy, making maximum use of her soft power rather than hard power. This paper dwells on those institutions that are pivotal in catapulting Turkish public diplomacy specifically from 2010 to mid-2021. Also, this work sought to look at recent wins within 10 years of Turkish Public Diplomacy and it pays attention to the backlashes and prospects of Turkish Public Diplomacy. This paper found out that a significant institution heralding Turkey’s Public Diplomacy is the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the prestigious Turkish Government scholarship scheme stands out to be one of the big wins for Turkey. A huge deficit to Turkish Public Diplomacy hangs on insecurity across its borders. Lastly, an envisaged prospect can be spotted with the rising competitive nature of TRT World on the global media landscape. This paper concludes that Ankara’s public diplomacy would be more robust prior to the Centenary of its Independence in 2023 based on its institutions, recent gains and foreign policy goals. This article has penned down those institutions that are manning Turkish Public diplomacy such as YEI, TIKA, YTB etc., it made an appraisal on Turkish public diplomacy within a decade bringing to light past, contemporary gains and shortcomings as well. The paper then evolved around the prospects that await Turkish public diplomacy ahead of the 2023 Centenary Independence Celebration citing the role of TRT World as an important player in this expectation. It is pivotal to consider that for public diplomacy to be considered successful, soft power should be accompanied by economic prowess that will metamorphose into vibrant persuasive power. Within a decade, Turkish public diplomacy seems to have witnessed low and high tides however it keeps maturing as the years unfold. There is no doubt that the JDP leadership, institutions and actors in Ankara’s public diplomacy initiative from 2010 should be applauded for haven nurtured and implemented its public diplomacy after ascending power not focusing solely on the Middle East but has mapped out other regions globally, harvesting excellent results and off course thanks to the “Strategic Depth” Doctrine of Foreign Minister Davutoglu that Turkey has now mastered the public diplomacy terrain and has a great interest page in dominating global public diplomacy arena with little or no resistance from other states, particularly in an unpredictable MENA Region.
十年来的土耳其公共外交:评价与展望
1648年《威斯特伐利亚条约》签订后,民族国家的诞生标志着国家在国际关系中的主导地位。第一次世界大战的结束,特别是第二次世界大战的结束,促成了全球事务的范式转变,美国和苏联之间的超级大国竞争推动了世界,这就是众所周知的冷战。1923年,作为已不复存在的奥斯曼帝国的残余,现代土耳其共和国诞生,成为最成功的国家之一,其地缘战略地位是其公共外交的巨大优势,最大限度地利用她的软实力,而不是硬实力。本文详述了那些在2010年至2021年年中推动土耳其公共外交发展的关键机构。此外,这项工作还试图研究土耳其公共外交在10年内取得的最新成就,并关注土耳其公共外交的反弹和前景。本文发现,土耳其外交部是土耳其公共外交的一个重要机构,享有盛誉的土耳其政府奖学金计划是土耳其的一大胜利。土耳其公共外交的巨大赤字取决于其边境的不安全。最后,可预见的前景是,TRT World在全球媒体版图上的竞争日益激烈。本文的结论是,根据安卡拉的制度、最近的成就和外交政策目标,安卡拉的公共外交将在2023年独立100周年之前更加强大。本文列举了土耳其公共外交的主要机构,如YEI、TIKA、YTB等,对土耳其近十年来的公共外交进行了评价,揭示了土耳其公共外交的历史、当代成就和不足。然后,该文件围绕着2023年百年独立庆典之前等待土耳其公共外交的前景展开,并引用了TRT World在这一期望中的重要作用。关键是要考虑到,公共外交要被认为是成功的,软实力应该伴随着经济实力,而经济实力将转变为充满活力的说服力。在十年内,土耳其的公共外交似乎经历了高潮和低谷,但随着时间的推移,它不断成熟。毫无疑问,自2010年以来,在安卡拉的公共外交倡议中,民主党的领导层、机构和行动者都应该受到赞扬,因为在权力上升后,他们培育和实施了公共外交,不仅关注中东,而且还规划了全球其他地区。由于外交部长达武特奥卢的“战略纵深”学说,土耳其现在已经掌握了公共外交领域,并对主导全球公共外交领域非常感兴趣,很少或没有其他国家的阻力,特别是在不可预测的中东和北非地区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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