An assessment of psychosocial and health risks associated with shift work in a South African manufacturing context

Abstract

Shift work is a necessity to ensure continuous and optimized operations in different occupational scenarios. However, there are numerous adverse effects associated with working shifts. This study is aimed at evaluating the psychosocial and health risks associated with working shifts in a manufacturing context in South Africa (SA). A cross sectional design using a modified form of the validated Standard Shift Work Index (SSI) questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. Most participants were considered to be in good health, however they reported health complaints relating to swollen feet, weight gain, loss of appetite and gastrointestinal disorders. In addition, participants reported that their domestic lives were somewhat affected (45%) and their social lives were adversely affected (47%) by working shifts. Shift work experience (11 to 20 years) was also found to be significantly associated with more time for both social (OR = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.03; 0.30) and domestic activities (OR= 0.25; 95% CI = 0.11; 0.57; p < 0.05) compared to those with less experience. This may be attributed to the healthy worker survivor effect; it is likely that shift workers with longer working experience have developed practical coping strategies to mitigate some of the problems related to shift work. Keywords: Shift work; health effects; psychosocial effects; disorders