IMPERIAL POWER OF THE MUGHAL COURT IN CHRONICLES OF SEYDI ALI REIS AND MUTRIBI SAMARQANDI

Metin Atmaca
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Abstract

Most of the historical observations of the Mughal court during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were written by court historians, scribes, and literati. A few texts were composed by Muslim travelers who left important accounts of Mughal political, economic and social life. This article will examine two of those chronicles. The first, composed by Ottoman Admiral Seydi Ali Reis, Mir’âtü’l-Memâlik (The Mirror of Countries) describes the life of the Mughal court in mid-sixteenth century. The second, written by Mutribi al-Asamm alSamarqandi (also known as Mutribi Samarqandi), a subject of the Ashtarhanid Dynasty of Bukhara, describes the court of Jahangir in the early seventeenth century. Although both Seydi Ali Reis and Mutribi Samarqandi shared a similar background being elite Turkish-speakers with high levels of education who identified as Sunni Muslim they had strikingly different experiences. This article shows that a comparison of these two chronicles hints at how court rituals, manners, and administrative policy in Mughal India changed during over seventy years. However, in order to understand the transformation of the Mughal court, we must also look into the lives of the narrators: what brought them to the Mughal Empire, what effect they had at the court, and what ideas they carried back with them to their home countries.
《塞迪·阿里·瑞斯和穆特里比·撒马尔罕迪编年史》中莫卧儿王朝的皇权
16和17世纪对莫卧儿王朝的大部分历史观察都是由宫廷历史学家、文士和文人撰写的。一些文本是由穆斯林旅行者撰写的,他们留下了关于莫卧儿政治、经济和社会生活的重要记录。本文将研究其中的两个编年史。第一篇由奥斯曼帝国海军上将赛迪·阿里·里斯创作,Mir ' âtü ' l- mem lik(国家之镜)描述了16世纪中期莫卧儿宫廷的生活。第二份是由布哈拉阿什塔汗王朝的臣子Mutribi al-Asamm alSamarqandi(也被称为Mutribi Samarqandi)撰写的,描述了17世纪早期贾汗吉尔的宫廷。尽管塞迪·阿里·赖斯和穆特里比·萨马坎迪有着相似的背景,都是说土耳其语的精英,受过高等教育,都是逊尼派穆斯林,但他们的经历却截然不同。这篇文章表明,对这两部编年史的比较暗示了莫卧儿王朝印度的宫廷仪式、礼仪和行政政策在70多年里是如何变化的。然而,为了理解莫卧儿朝廷的转变,我们还必须研究叙述者的生活:是什么把他们带到了莫卧儿帝国,他们在朝廷产生了什么影响,以及他们把什么思想带回了自己的祖国。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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