Introduction of Long non-coding RNA and Their Potential Role as a Biomarker in Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC), also known as breast tumor, is major life- threatening diseases for women worldwide representing about 30% of all cancers affecting women. In order to cure and prevent the progression of such malignancy, the use of sensitive and specific biomarker1 is essential to aid the detection of breast cancer at an early stage. Furthermore, it has to be precise enough to monitor progression of the disease, and could predict the individual patient’s response to treatment. Unfortunately, markers with such characteristics have not been introduced and implemented in clinical level. Recent Bioinformatics studies have revealed a broad spectrum of noncoding RNAs called lncRNAs that are involved in breast cancer. They have a role in cell growth, apoptosis2, cell migration and invasiveness as well as cancer cell stemness. Although, their exact mechanisms and potential to serve as a biomarkers are yet to be clarified, they could be utilized for diagnostic purposes and therapeutic targets. This review is to summarize the to date information about lncRNAs that are particularly involved in breast cancer and could possibly named as a biomarker in foreseeable future.