Pengaruh Metodologi Teologi Al-Asy’ari Dan Implementasinya Bagi Perkembangan Pemikiran Akidah Moderat di Indonesia

Abstract

Islam adorns the life of the nation and state without introducing the usual things - This Scientific Study is intended to examine in depth and comprehensively about tracing the embryo of moderation of religious life in the perspective of Islamic theology, the influence of synthesis in the Ash'ari methodology (moderate) with moderate ideas. Gus Dur's thoughts with Cak Nur related to Pluralism, Inclusive Theology and Islamic Universalism. Moderate is an understanding that must be grounded because it makes the current representative solution a reality, it is not extreme to the right in terms of overtextual, and not too extreme to the left in terms of overcontextuality and always prioritizes balance between text and context. There is a link between the synthesis methodology represented by the al-Asy'ariyah school and the moderation of life in Indonesia. The moderation aspect of Ash'ari thought mediates between the rational Muktazilah and the textualist Salafiah and Hanabillah (both are at an extreme point) in terms of "Kalamullah" for example Asy'ari chooses that Kalamullah is both nafs and lafzi, in terms of human actions Asy 'ari prioritized the middle option between Jabariyah and Muktazilah, in terms of the perpetrators of major sins, Asy'ari prioritized the middle way between the Murji'ah and Muktazilah sects. In implementing it, it is not as liberal as muktazilah and still holds fast to the naql text, and is not leteral in negating aql in its application. The influence of the Asy'ari school method becomes a theoretical framework for the balance between text and context in Gus Dur and Cak Nur's methodology of thought, namely freedom because it is the result of a combination of traditional (literalist) Islamic understanding and knowledge of European cultural wealth (rational). According to him, both must emerge as a tool to unite the country, protect diversity and respond to the challenges of modern times so that Islam is more inclusive, tolerant and populist. The universal and essential values of Islam must take precedence over ordinary iconic Islam.