Extending Temporary Protected Status for Honduras: Country Conditions and U.S. Legal Requirements

Jayesh Rathod, Dennis Stinchcomb, María De Luna, Ricardo Castaneda, Jonathan Menkos, Juan Urbina, LaSarah Pillado
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Abstract

In January 1999, the U.S. government announced the designation of Honduras for Temporary Protected Status (TPS). This designation was premised on the significant disruptions and damage caused by Hurricane Mitch, which had ravaged Honduras in late October 1998. TPS for Honduras has been extended over the years, and the current period of designation is set to expire in early January 2018. In the current political moment, there is concern about whether this TPS designation will be extended once again. This report provides a background on TPS, and also undertakes a detailed examination of the justifications offered over the years for extending TPS for Honduras. Each of these past extension decisions concluded, as required by the TPS statute, that Honduras is not able to adequately handle the return of its nationals who are residing in the U.S. with TPS. Our analysis reveals that the U.S. government has premised these past extension decisions on six categories of factors: climate and environment; economy; infrastructure; public health; safety and security; and governance. The report proceeds to assess these same factors in present-day Honduras. Honduras remains extremely vulnerable to natural disasters, which have compromised the country’s infrastructure and stalled recovery efforts. Serious challenges persist for the Honduran economy, including high levels of unemployment and underemployment. Honduras also suffers from a severe shortage of housing, higher-than-average levels of food insecurity, and limited capacity in the health sector. Finally, the security situation in Honduras continues to deteriorate, fueling displacement, and placing strains on a government already weakened by corruption and impunity. These findings compel the conclusion that TPS for Honduras should be extended.
延长洪都拉斯的临时保护地位:国家条件和美国法律要求
1999年1月,美国政府宣布将洪都拉斯列为临时保护国家(TPS)。这一指定是基于1998年10月下旬肆虐洪都拉斯的米奇飓风造成的重大破坏和破坏。洪都拉斯的TPS已经延长了多年,目前的指定期将于2018年1月初到期。在当前的政治时刻,人们担心TPS是否会再次延长。本报告提供了TPS的背景资料,并详细审查了多年来为扩大洪都拉斯TPS提供的理由。根据TPS法规的要求,过去的每一次延期决定都得出结论,洪都拉斯无法充分处理与TPS一起居住在美国的国民的返回。我们的分析表明,美国政府过去的这些延期决定是基于六类因素:气候和环境;经济;基础设施;公共卫生;安全保障;和治理。本报告接着对今天洪都拉斯的这些因素进行了评估。洪都拉斯仍然非常容易受到自然灾害的影响,这些灾害损害了该国的基础设施,并使恢复工作停滞不前。洪都拉斯经济面临的严峻挑战依然存在,包括高失业率和就业不足。洪都拉斯还面临住房严重短缺、粮食不安全状况高于平均水平以及卫生部门能力有限的问题。最后,洪都拉斯的安全局势继续恶化,加剧了流离失所,并给已经被腐败和有罪不罚削弱的政府带来了压力。这些发现迫使得出结论,洪都拉斯的TPS应该延长。
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