INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE TRANSITION TO THE USE OF ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF ENERGY

Abstract

The consumption of traditional energy resources by the world economy leads to their catastrophic reduction and severe environmental consequences. In addition, there are a number of alternative means of energy replenishment, which are inexhaustible sources of energy: air, solar, geothermal energy, energy of orbital motion of the Earth (gravity), and energy derived from them. With traditional energy sources, they are able to provide energy to the world economy. Institutionalization processes have embraced the social development of global and national economies. It is important not only to cover alternative energy sources, but also to study the processes of institutionalization of the transition to them, improving the institutional system, institutions and institutions for the use of alternative energy sources. Multiple and diverse studies of alternative energy sources provide large-scale development. However, insufficient development of institutional issues, processes of institutionalization of the transition to the use of alternative energy sources are becoming a deterrent. Goal. The aim of the article is to develop scientifically sound proposals for the institutionalization of the transition to the use of alternative energy sources. Method. Various research methods are used: theoretical and empirical, fundamental and applied. Results. The rapid depletion of traditional energy resources and the constant increase in their price with increasing energy needs due to economic development and the evolution of people's lifestyles lead to the creation of alternative energy sources. The advantages of alternative energy sources are: renewable, widespread in most of their species, using some low operating costs, environmental friendliness. The negative qualities of using alternative energy sources include: low energy flux density, which forces manufacturers to use large areas of power plants; instability of energy production over time; high cost of using alternative energy sources. Institutionalization of the economy (generally) is a process of formation of formal institutions that limit the behavior of economic entities and generate a number of agreements, rules of the game, stereotypes of behavior, traditions. Institutionalization aims to improve the quality of life. The most important factor in justifying the institutionalization of the use of alternative energy sources is the need to address issues that directly affect the development and use of alternative energy sources. Scientific novelty. The study highlights problems that significantly reduce the use of alternative energy sources. Therefore, scientifically sound proposals for the institutionalization of the transition to the use of alternative energy sources: organizational, financial, methodological1, educational decisions. Practical significance. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using developed scientifically sound proposals in the process of planning the country's energy strategy, sectoral programs for the development of energy generation from alternative sources, planning the work of industrial consumers, producers of energy from alternative sources.