The Utility of Structural Approaches for Spatially-Explicit Hazards and Vulnerability Research

R. Dezzani, T. Frazier
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Abstract

Since the decade of the 1980s, the rise of post-modern and poststructuralist approaches to social research have come to dominate academic thinking about human behavior. As a result of these perspective choices, contingency and agency at the scale of the individual have motivated the majority of research focused on individuals and small group interest and experience at the expense of “systems” and structures at the scale of cities, regions and larger geographical expanses of interest. This has resulted in a theoretical framework of perceptual relativism directed from the largest scale of the effects chain. This phenomenological-based research agenda has developed over the decades with a mixed blessing of perspective benefits but also theoretical and analytical deficits. The purpose of this editorial is not to provide criticism of the poststructuralist perspective but to offer a joint perspective through the mechanism of cross-scale analysis which can make effective use of structural approaches. This serves as a “not only ...but also” scenario as suggested by Trevor Barnes for incorporating rigorous quantitative analysis with theoretical approaches not usually perceived as being intrinsically quantitative [1].
结构方法在空间显性灾害和脆弱性研究中的应用
自20世纪80年代以来,后现代和后结构主义社会研究方法的兴起已经主导了关于人类行为的学术思考。作为这些视角选择的结果,个体尺度上的偶然性和能动性激励了大多数关注个人和小团体利益和经验的研究,而牺牲了城市、区域和更大地理范围的“系统”和结构。这就形成了一个从效应链的最大尺度出发的感知相对主义的理论框架。这种基于现象学的研究议程已经发展了几十年,既有观点上的好处,也有理论和分析上的缺陷。这篇社论的目的不是对后结构主义的观点进行批评,而是通过跨尺度分析的机制提供一个联合的观点,这种机制可以有效地利用结构方法。这是一个“不仅……但也“情景”,特雷弗·巴恩斯建议将严格的定量分析与通常不被认为是本质定量的理论方法相结合[1]。
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