Estimating Fish Densities from Single Fish Echo Traces

Abstract

Estimating mean fish density per unit area has been done by counting single fish echo traces with a split beam echo sounder system in the open sea. A data program has been written that scans the acoustic signals for echo peaks and classify these into echo traces. The program counts the number of echo traces from fish that cross the beam within given distances from the acoustic axis over a known sailing distance, and gives an absolute estimate of fish density. This is ob- tained by using the off acoustic axis angles of fish that generate resolved echoes to compute the athwartship distance from the vertical acoustic axis to the fish. The program is described and demonstrated on selected files of raw data recorded by the SIMRAD EK 60 split beam system. Estimated fish densities for these files are also obtained by the echo integration method, and the echo trace method gives estimates that agree well with these estimates under sufficiently "good condi- tions".